ONTOLOGY SOURCE REFERENCE
Term Source Name	"nci_meta"	"The MGED Ontology"	"ArrayExpress"	"mo"	"EFO"	"NCBITaxon"	"CHEBI"	"BTO"	
Term Source File	"http://ncimeta.nci.nih.gov/indexMetaphrase.html"	"http://mged.sourceforge.net/ontologies/MGEDontology.php"	"http://www.ebi.ac.uk/arrayexpress"	"http://www.ebi.ac.uk/efo/"	""	"http://bioportal.bioontology.org/ontologies/47845"	"http://bioportal.bioontology.org/ontologies/50447"	"http://www.ebi.ac.uk/ontology-lookup/browse.do?ontName=BTO"	
Term Source Version	""	""	""	""	""	"47845"	"50447"	"Jun 2010"	
Term Source Description	""	""	""	""	""	"National Center for Biotechnology Information (NCBI) Organismal Classification"	"Chemical Entities of Biological Interest Ontology"	"BRENDA tissue / enzyme source"	
INVESTIGATION
Investigation Identifier	""
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INVESTIGATION PUBLICATIONS
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INVESTIGATION CONTACTS
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STUDY
Study Identifier	"E-GEOD-3737"
Study Title	"Transcription profiling of human prostate cancer cells treated with arachidonic acid reveals induction of 11 genes that are regulated by NFkappaB"
Study Description	"Essential fatty acids (FA) are not only energy-rich molecules; they are also an important component of the membrane bilayer and recently have been implicated in induction of fatty acid synthase (FAS) and other genes. Using gene chip analysis, we have found that arachidonic acid (AA), an omega-6 fatty acid, induced 11 genes that are regulated by NFkappaB. We verified gene induction by omega-6 fatty acids including COX2, IKBA, NFKB, GMCSF, IL1B, CXCL1, TNFA, IL6, LTA, IL8, PPARG, and ICAM1 using qRTPCR. PGE2 synthesis was increased within 5min of addition of AA. Analysis of upstream signal transduction showed that within 5min of FA addition, phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase (PI3K) was significantly activated followed by activation of Akt at 30min. ERK1 and 2, p38, and SAPK/JNK were not phosphorylated after omega-6 FA addition. Thirty minutes after FA addition, we found a significant 3-fold increase in translocation of NFkappaB transcription factor to the nucleus. Addition of non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug (NSAID) caused a decrease in cox-2 protein synthesis, PGE2 synthesis as well as inhibition of PI3K activation. We have previously shown that AA induced proliferation is also blocked (P<0.001) by PI3K inhibitor LY294002. LY294002 also significantly inhibited the AA induced gene expression of COX2, IL1B, GMCSF, and ICAM1. Taken together, the data suggests that AA via conversion to PGE2 plays an important role in stimulation of growth related genes and proliferation via PI3K signaling and NFkappaB translocation to the nucleus."
Comment[Study Grant Number]	""
Comment[Study Funding Agency]	""
Study Submission Date	""
Study Public Release Date	"2007-07-03"
Study File Name	"s_E-GEOD-3737_study_samples.txt"
STUDY DESIGN DESCRIPTORS
Study Design Type	"time_series_design"	"compound_treatment_design"	"co-expression_design"	"transcription profiling by array"
Study Design Type Term Accession Number	""	""	""	""
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STUDY PUBLICATIONS
Study PubMed ID	"16452198"
Study Publication DOI	"16452198"
Study Publication Author List	"Millie Hughes-Fulford, Chai-Fei Li, Jim Boonyaratanakornkit, Sina Sayyah"
Study Publication Title	"Arachidonic acid activates phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase signaling and induces gene expression in prostate cancer."
Study Publication Status	"journal_article"
Study Publication Status Term Accession Number	""
Study Publication Status Term Source REF	"The MGED Ontology"
STUDY FACTORS
Study Factor Name	"compound"
Study Factor Type	"compound"
Study Factor Type Term Accession Number	""
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STUDY ASSAYS
Study Assay File Name	"a_E-GEOD-3737_GeneChip_assay.txt"
Study Assay Measurement Type	"transcription profiling"
Study Assay Measurement Type Term Accession Number	""
Study Assay Measurement Type Term Source REF	""
Study Assay Technology Type	"DNA microarray"
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STUDY PROTOCOLS
Study Protocol Name	"Affymetrix:Protocol:Hybridization-FlexGE-WS2v4_450"	"Affymetrix:Protocol:Hybridization-EukGE-WS2v4_450"	"Affymetrix:Protocol:Hybridization-EukGE-WS2v4"	"P-AFFY-6"
Study Protocol Type	""	"hybridization"	"hybridization"	"feature_extraction"
Study Protocol Type Term Accession Number	""	""	""	""
Study Protocol Type Term Source REF	""	"mo"	""	""
Study Protocol Description	""	"Title: Affymetrix EukGE-WS2v4_450 Hybridization. Description: "	"Title: Fluidics Station Protocol. Description: "	"Title: Affymetrix CEL analysis. Description: "
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Study Protocol Components Name	""	""	"MicroArraySuite 5.0"	"MicroArraySuite 5.0"
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STUDY CONTACTS
Study Person Last Name	"Boonyaratanakornkit"
Study Person First Name	"Jim"
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Study Person Email	"Jim.Boonyaratanakornkit@ucsf.edu"
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Study Person Address	"Cell Growth,Research,VA Medical Center,4150 Clement St,San Francisco,94121,USA"
Study Person Affiliation	"VA Medical Center"
Study Person Roles	"submitter"
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